admitted
英 /ədˈmɪtɪd/美 /ədˈmɪtɪd/
adj. 形容词 / v. 动词(admit 的过去式和过去分词)
被承认的;被录取的;自己承认的
基本释义
admitted 的核心含义围绕“承认”和“准许进入”两个动作展开。作为动词 admit 的过去分词,它首先表示“被承认的”,即某事被公开认可为事实,如 an admitted mistake(被承认的错误)。其次表示“被准许进入的”,常用于被学校录取、被医院收治、被组织接纳等场景,如 admitted to hospital(被收治入院)。引申为“自认的”,强调说话者主动承认某种通常不利的事实,如 an admitted liar(一个自认的撒谎者)。各义项之间由“准许进入”这一本义通过隐喻扩展至“准许进入知识或事实领域”,即“承认”。
词源与构词
admitted 来自动词 admit,词根为拉丁语 admittere,由 ad-(向)和 mittere(送、放)构成,字面意为“送进去”。其过去分词 admitted 保留了“被送进去”的结果义,即“被接纳的”。构词上,ad- 表示方向,mit 表示发送,-ted 为过去分词后缀。记忆时可联想“被送进某个门槛”即“被准许进入”,进而引申为“被承认”。
用在哪里
admitted 在正式书面语中常见,如新闻报道中的“admitted to hospital”(收治入院)、法律文本中的“admitted evidence”(已采纳的证据)、学术写作中的“admitted limitation”(公认的局限)。在商务邮件中,可用于“admitted defect”(已承认的缺陷)以客观陈述事实。日常口语中,作形容词时语气较正式,如“He is an admitted alcoholic.”(他自认酗酒。)文学作品中可用于刻画人物坦承性格。总体而言,admitted 语气中性偏正式,不用于随意闲聊。
语法提示
admitted 作形容词时通常置于名词前作定语,如“the admitted fact”(公认的事实),也可作表语,如“The fact is admitted.”(这一事实已被承认。)作动词时,admit 为及物动词,常见句型为 admit (to) doing sth 或 admit that 从句,过去分词 admitted 可用于被动语态,如“He was admitted to the university.”(他被大学录取。)易错点:admit 后接动名词时,to 可省略,但不可接不定式,如不说“admit to do”。此外,admitted 作形容词时无比较级,但可用 very 修饰,如“very admitted”不常见,通常用“widely admitted”。
同义词区别
admitted 与 acknowledged、confessed、recognized 近义。acknowledged 强调公开承认某事的存在或真实性,语气较正式,如“an acknowledged expert”(公认的专家)。confessed 强调承认错误或罪行,带有个人色彩,如“a confessed criminal”(已认罪的罪犯)。recognized 强调被外界广泛认可,如“a recognized authority”(公认的权威)。admitted 则更强调“自己承认的”,常与不利事实连用,如“an admitted failure”(自认的失败)。选用时,若强调自我坦承,用 admitted;若强调公众认可,用 recognized;若强调认错,用 confessed。
易错提醒
admitted 语域中性偏正式,常见于书面语和正式发言。作形容词时,通常修饰负面或中性名词,如“admitted mistake”“admitted fact”,较少修饰褒义名词。注意不要与“admissive”(准许的)混淆。常见误用:将 admitted 误作“被广泛接受的”而用于褒义,如“an admitted success”虽可理解,但更常用“acknowledged success”。此外,admitted 作动词时,注意其过去式与过去分词同形,避免与现在分词 admitting 混淆。
固定搭配
- admitted to hospital
- admitted to university
- admitted mistake
- admitted fact
- admitted evidence
- admitted failure
- admitted limitation
实用例句
He is an admitted thief, having confessed to the crime.
She was admitted to the hospital with severe pneumonia.
The admitted evidence was crucial to the prosecution.
This is an admitted limitation of the study.
He admitted that he had made a mistake.
The university admitted 500 new students this year.